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Photo: Courtesy the National Gallery of Art, Washington
P114
(The Artist and His Mother)
c. 1926–42
Oil on canvas
59 15/16 x 50 in. (152.2 x 127 cm)
Not inscribed
Provenance
Estate of Arshile Gorky (1948)
[M. Knoedler & Co. Inc., New York (January 4, 1968)]
Estate of Arshile Gorky (by 1975)
Private collection (1975)
[Xavier Fourcade Inc., New York (September 20, 1978)]
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (February 28, 1979)
Exhibitions
1957f New York
Sidney Janis Gallery, New York, 33 Paintings by Arshile Gorky, December 2–28, 1957. (Exhibition catalogue: Sidney Janis Gallery 1957), no. 2, ill. in b/w, as "Portrait of the Artist as "a Boy, with his Mother," dated c. 1930–39.1962–63b New York
Museum of Modern Art, New York, Arshile Gorky, 1904–1948, December 19, 1962–February 12, 1963. (Exhibition catalogue: Seitz 1962), no. 17, ill. in b/w, p. 18; p. 53, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated c. 1926–36. Traveled to: Washington Gallery of Modern Art, D.C., March 12–April 14, 1963.1964–65 Albuquerque
Art Gallery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (organizer), The Painter and the Photograph, 1964–65, no. 16a, ill. in b/w, p. 30; discussed pp. 29–30, as "The Artist and His Mother". Traveled to: Rose Art Museum, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, October 5–November 2, 1964; Museum of Art, Indiana University, Bloomington, November 15–December 20, 1964; Art Gallery, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, January 3–February 10, 1965; Isaac Delgado Museum of Art, New Orleans, February 28–March 22, 1965; Art Gallery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, April 1–May 7, 1965; Santa Barbara Museum of Art, California, May 19–June 21, 1965.1965 AC–Brussels and Rotterdam
Arts Council of Great Britain, London (organizer), Arshile Gorky, Paintings and Drawings / Arshile Gorky: Schilderijen en Tekeningen, 1965, no. 19, ill. in b/w, as "De kunstenaar en zijn moeder / The artist and his mother," dated c. 1926–1936. Traveled to: Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, May 22–June 27, 1965; Museum Boymans van Beuningen, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, July 24–September 5, 1965 (Museum Boymans van Beuingen 1965).1965 AC–London
Arts Council of Great Britain, London (organizer), Tate Gallery, Arshile Gorky: Paintings and Drawings, April 2–May 2, 1965, no. 19, ill. in b/w, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated c. 1926–36.1977 AC–London
Arts Council of Great Britain, London (organizer), Modern Spirit: American Painting 1908–1935, 1977, no. 151, as "The Artist and His Mother". Traveled to: Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh, August 20–September 11, 1977; Hayward Gallery, London, September 28–November 20, 1977.1977 Zurich
Kunsthaus Zurich, Malerei und Photographie im Dialog von 1840 bis Heute, May 13–July 24, 1977, no. 54, ill. in b/w, p. 31, as "Doppelporträt "Arshile Gorky mit seiner Mutter"".1979b New York
Xavier Fourcade Inc, New York, Arshile Gorky: Important Paintings and Drawings, April 3–28, 1979, ill. in color, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated 1926–42.1981–82 New York
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, Arshile Gorky 1904–1948: A Retrospective, April 24–July 19, 1981, no. 76, ill. in color, p. 123, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated c. 1929–42. Traveled to: Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, September 12–November 6, 1981; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, December 3, 1981–February 28, 1982.1989–90 Madrid
Sala de Exposiciones de la Fundación Caja de Pensiones, Madrid, Arshile Gorky, 1904–1948, October 17–December 23, 1989, no. 9, ill. in color, p. 71, as "The Artist and His Mother". Traveled to: Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, January 19–March 25, 1990.1995 Bochum
Museum Bochum, Germany, Armenien: Wiederentdeckung einer alten Kulturlandschaft, January 14–April 17, 1995, no. 321, ill. in color, p. 393, as "Der Künstler und seine Mutter".2002d New York
Gagosian Gallery, New York, Arshile Gorky: Portraits, March 20–April 27, 2002, ill. in color, pp. 24–25, as "The Artist and His Mother".2006 Fresno
Fresno Art Museum and the Armenian Museum, California, Vosdanik Manouk Adoian a.k.a. Arshile Gorky, April 7–June 4, 2006, no. 1, ill. in color, p. 19; p. 50, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated c. 1929–36.2009–10 Philadelphia
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Arshile Gorky: A Retrospective, October 15, 2009–January 10, 2010. (Exhibition catalogue: Taylor 2009a), pl. 33, ill. in color, p. 191; p. 386, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated c. 1926–c. 1942. Traveled to: Tate Modern, London, February 10–May 3, 2010 (Gale 2010); Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, June 6–September 20, 2010 (Gale 2010).2015 Norfolk
Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk, Virginia, Collection Conversations: Arshile Gorky: Between Worlds, July 1–October 18, 2015, as "The Artist and His Mother".2019 Washington, D.C.
Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C., The Warmth of Other Suns: Stories of Global Displacement, June 22–September 22, 2019, as "The Artist and His Mother".2022 Washington, D.C.
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., The Double: Identity and Difference in Art since 1900, July 10–October 31, 2022, no. 18, ill. in color, p. 75, as "The Artist and His Mother".Literature
Coates 1957
Coates, Robert M. "The Art Galleries." The New Yorker 33 (December 14, 1957), discussed, p. 141, as "Portrait of the Artist as "a Boy, with his Mother".Sawin 1957
Sawin, Martica. "Arshile Gorky." Arts Magazine (New York) 32, no. 3 (December 1957), discussed, p. 52, as "Portrait of the Artist as "a Boy, with his Mother".Schiff 1957
Schiff, Bennett. "In the Art Galleries." New York Post, December 8, 1957, ill. in b/w, p. M12, as "Portrait of the Artist as "a Boy, with his Mother".Schuyler 1957b
Schuyler, James. "Reviews and Previews: Arshile Gorky." Artnews (New York) 56 (December 1957), discussed, p. 10, as "Artist and His Mother".Devree 1957c
Devree, Howard. "Diverse Moderns: Growth of the Niarchos Collection—Gorky in Retrospect—Others." New York Times, December 8, 1957, discussed, sec. 2, p. 24, as "a memory portrait of himself as a boy with his mother".Ashton 1958a
Ashton, Dore. "Lettre de New York." Arts & Architecture (Los Angeles) 75, no. 1 (January 1958), discussed, p. 6, as "Portrait of the Artist as "a Boy, with his Mother".Sidney Janis Gallery 1962
Paintings by Arshile Gorky from 1929 to 1948. New York: Sidney Janis Gallery, 1962. Exhibition catalogue (1962b New York), no. 31, ill. in b/w (in situ), as "View, Gorky Exhibition, December 1957".Osborn 1963
Osborn, Margaret. "The Mystery of Arshile Gorky: A Personal Account." Artnews (New York) 61, no. 10 (February 1963), ill. in b/w, p. 42, as "The Artist and His Mother".White 1963
White, Jean M. "Modern Art Gallery to Open Exhibit." The Washington Post, March 8, 1963, ill. in b/w, p. A7, as "The Artist and His Mother".Hoyland 1965
Hoyland, Francis. "The composer." The Listener (London) (April 15, 1965), ill. in b/w p. 568, as "The Artist and his Mother".Roberts 1965
Roberts, Keith. "Major Retrospective at the Tate." The Burlington Magazine (London) 107, no. 746 (May 1965), discussed, p. 271, as "The Artist and His Mother".Russell 1965
Russell, John. "Getting through to Gorky." The Sunday Times (London), April 11, 1965, discussed, as "The Artist and his Mother".Spencer 1965
Spencer, Charles S. "Gorky Art On View In London." New York Times International, April 13, 1965, discussed, as "Artist and His Mother".Levy 1966
Levy, Julien. Arshile Gorky. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1966. Monograph, pl. 20, ill. in b/w, p. 44, as "The Artist and His Mother," dated 1929–36.Jordan 1976
Jordan, Jim. M. "Arshile Gorky at Crooked Run Farm." Arts Magazine (New York) 50, no. 7 (March 1976), discussed, p. 103 fn23, as "The Artist and His Mother".Quaytman 1976
Quaytman, Harvey. "Arshile Gorky's Early Paintings." Arts Magazine (New York) 50, no. 7 (March 1976), discussed, p. 105, as "Artist and his Mother".Lucie-Smith 1977
Lucie-Smith, Edward. "The birth of American Modernism." Illustrated London News 265 (November 26, 1977), discussed, p. 85, as "The Artist and His Mother No 2".Gibson 1979
Gibson, Eric. "Arshile Gorky." Art International (Paris) 23 (Summer 1979), discussed, p. 77, as "The Artist and His Mother".MacMillan 1979
MacMillan, Duncan. "The Outsider: Gorky and America." Art International (Paris) 20 (Summer 1979), ill. in color, p. 104, as "The Artist and His Mother".Richard 1979
Richard, Paul. "Artful Melodies of Pain." The Washington Post, June 2, 1979, ill. in b/w, p. C1, as "Portrait of the Artist and His Mother".Kramer 1979a
Kramer, Hilton. "A Rare Gorky and Prints of Prendergast." New York Times, April 13, 1979, discussed, p. C1; ill. in b/w, p. C24, as "The Artist and His Mother".National Gallery of Art 1980
American Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1980, ill. in b/w, p. 166, as "The Artist and His Mother".Wilmerding 1980
Wilmerding, John. American Masterpieces from the National Gallery of Art. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1980, no. 61, ill. in color, p. 161, as "The Artist and His Mother".Levin, G. 1981
Levin, Gail. "ART." The Village Voice (New York), May 6–12, 1981, discussed, as "The Artist and His Mother".Morgan 1981
Morgan, S. "Becoming Arshile Gorky." Artscribe (London), no. 31 (October 1981), ill. in b/w, p. 18, as "The Artist and His Mother".Rand 1981
Rand, Harry. Arshile Gorky: The Implication of Symbols. Montclair, NJ: Allanheld, Osmun & Co. Publishers Inc., and London: George Prior Associated Publishers Ltd., 1981. Monograph, fig. 2–12, ill. in b/w, p. 24, as "The Artist and His Mother".Spender 1981
Spender, Matthew. "The Originality of Gorky." Art/World (New York) (May 23 / June 20, 1981), discussed, p. 6, as "Artist and His Mother".Waldman 1981
Waldman, Diane. "Arshile Gorky: Poet in Paint." In Arshile Gorky 1904–1948: A Retrospective. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. in collaboration with The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, 1981. Exhibition catalogue, discussed, pp. 14, 33–36, as "The Artist and His Mother".Karp 1982
Karp, Diane. "Arshile Gorky: The Language of Art." Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1982, fig. 22, ill. in b/w, p. 190, as "The Artist and His Mother".Millard 1982
Millard, Charles W. "Arshile Gorky." The Hudson Review (New York) 35, no. 1 (Spring 1982), discussed, p. 108, as "The Artist and His Mother".Jordan 1982a
Jordan, Jim M. "The Paintings of Arshile Gorky: New Discoveries, New Sources, and Chronology." In The Paintings of Arshile Gorky: A Critical Catalogue, by Jim M. Jordan and Robert Goldwater. New York and London: New York University Press, 1982, discussed, pp. 49, 51, 53–57, as "The Artist and His Mother".Jordan 1982b
Jordan, Jim M. "Catalogue Raisonné of Paintings." In The Paintings of Arshile Gorky: A Critical Catalogue, by Jim M. Jordan and Robert Goldwater. New York and London: New York University Press, 1982, no. 114, ill. in b/w, pp. 242, 244, as "The Artist and His Mother".Lader 1984
Lader, Melvin P. "Arshile Gorky's The Artist and His Mother: Further Study of Its Evolution, Sources, and Meaning." Arts Magazine (New York) 58 (January 1984), fig. 3, ill. in b/w, p. 98, as "The Artist and His Mother".Walker 1984
Walker, John. National Gallery of Art. Foreword by J. Carter Brown. Rev. ed. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1984, no. 952, ill. in color, p. 616, as "The Artist and His Mother".Lader 1985
Lader, Melvin P. Arshile Gorky. New York: Abbeville Press, 1985. Monograph, fig. 28, ill. in color, p. 33; ill. in color (detail), cover, as "The Artist and His Mother".Kuspit 1987b
Kuspit, Donald. "Arshile Gorky: Images in Support of the Invented Self." In Abstract Expressionism: The Critical Developments. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1987. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 1, ill. in color, p. 48, as "The Artist and His Mother".Wilmerding 1988
Wilmerding, John. American Masterpieces from the National Gallery of Art (Revised and Enlarged Edition). New York: Hudson Hills Press, Inc., 1988, fig. 71, ill. in color, p. 189, as "The Artist and His Mother".Allen 1990
Allen, William. "Arshile Gorky." Art Monthly (London), no. 134 (March 1990), discussed, pp. 18–29, as "The Artist and his Mother".Cardinal 1990
Cardinal, Roger. "Resurrecting the homeland." The Times Literary Supplement (London), February 9–15, 1990, discussed, p. 147, as "The Artist and his Mother".Feaver 1990
Feaver, William. "Blessings of a Big Name." Observer (London, UK), February 4, 1990, discussed, p. 57, as "The Artist and His Mother".Frankel 1990
Frankel, Claire. "Gorky: Tragic Lyricism." International Herald Tribune (Paris), March 10–11, 1990, discussed, p. 7, as "The Artist and His Mother".Golding 1990
Golding, John. "Arshile Gorky: The Search for Self." In Arshile Gorky: 1904–1948. London: Whitechapel Art Gallery, 1990. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 3, ill. in b/w, p. 15, as "The Artist and His Mother".Anfam 1990c
Anfam, David. "Convulsive Images." Art International (Paris) 11 (Summer 1990), discussed, p. 100, as "The Artist and His Mother".Rand 1991
Rand, Harry. Arshile Gorky: The Implication of Symbols. Rev. ed. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991. Monograph, fig. 2–12, ill. in b/w, p. 27, as "The Artist and His Mother".National Gallery of Art 1992
American Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1992, ill. in b/w, p. 188, as "The Artist and His Mother".Ash 1995
Ash, John. "Arshile Gorky: How My Mother's Embroidered Apron Unfolds in My Life, 1944." Artforum (New York) 34 (September 1995), discussed, p. 79, as "The Artist and His Mother".Balakian 1996
Balakian, Peter. "Arshile Gorky and the Armenian Genocide." Art in America (New York) 84 (February 1996), ill. in color, p. 59, as "The Artist and His Mother".Matossian 1998a
Matossian, Nouritza. "Arshile Gorky's Lost World: A Personal Quest for the Armenian Sources of Gorky's Art." Modern Painters (New York) 11 (Winter 1998), ill. in color, p. 74, as "The Artist and His Mother".Matossian 1998b
Matossian, Nouritza. Black Angel: The Life of Arshile Gorky. London: Chatto & Windus, 1998, color pl. 1, ill., as "The Artist and His Mother".Schuyler 1998c
Schuyler, James. "Arshile Gorky." Artnews (New York) 56 (December 1957). In Selected Art Writings: James Schuyler, Simon Pettet, ed. Santa Rosa: Black Sparrow Press, 1998, discussed, p. 123, as "The Artist and His Mother".Maeda 2001
Maeda, Robert J. "Noguchi and Gorky: American Outsiders." Amerasia Journal (Los Angeles) 27 (2001), fig. 1, ill. in b/w, p. 30; discussed, p. 34, as "The Artist and His Mother".Kunitz 2002
Kunitz, Daniel. "Gallery Chronicle." The New Criterion (New York) 20 (May 2002), discussed, pp. 49–50, as "The Artist and His Mother".Herrera 2003
Herrera, Hayden. Arshile Gorky: His Life and Work. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2003, fig. 5, ill. in color, as "The Artist and His Mother".FitzGerald 2006a
FitzGerald, Michael. "Picasso and American Art: Chapter Three (1930–1939)." In Picasso and American Art. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, in association with Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 57, ill. in b/w, p. 121; discussed, pp. 114–15, 143, 162, 164, as "The Artist and His Mother".Beredjiklian 2007
Beredjiklian, Alexandre. Arshile Gorky: sept thèmes majeurs. Suresnes, France: Alphamédian & Johanet; Lisbon: Fondation Calouste Gulbenkian, 2007. Monograph, discussed, p. 21, as "L'artiste et sa mère," dated 1926 ?–1942 ?Cooksey 2009
Cooksey, Chelsea L. "Arshile Gorky: The Abstraction of Symbol, Figure, and Form." M.A. Thesis, Purchase College, State University of New York, 2009, fig. 48, ill. in color, p. 79, as "The Artist and His Mother".Mattison 2009
Matttison, Robert S. Arshile Gorky: Works and Writings. Barcelona: Ediciones Polígrafica, 2009. Monograph, ill. in color, p. 24, as "The Artist and His Mother".Theriault 2009a
Theriault, Kim S. Rethinking Arshile Gorky. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009. Monograph, pl. 2, ill. in color, as "The Artist and His Mother".Theriault 2009b
Theriault, Kim S. "Exile, Trauma, and Arshile Gorky's The Artist and His Mother." In Arshile Gorky: A Retrospective, Kathleen Krattenmaker, ed. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 29, ill. in color (detail), p. 52, as "The Artist and His Mother".Alberro 2010
Alberro, Alexander. "The Apprenticeship of Arshile Gorky: On Arshile Gorky at the Philadelphia Museum of Art." Texte zur Kunst (Cologne) 77 (March 2010), discussed, pp. 147, 210, as "The Artist and His Mother".Gale 2010
Gale, Matthew. Arshile Gorky: Enigma and Nostalgia. London: Tate Publishing, 2010. Exhibition catalogue (2009–10 Philadelphia), no. 6, ill. in color, p. 23, as "The Artist and His Mother".Jury 2010
Jury, Louise. "Remembering a Mother at Tate." Evening Standard (London), February 9, 2010, discussed, p. 27, as "The Artist and His Mother".Spender 2010
Spender, Matthew. Una storia armena Vita di Arshile Gorky. Florence: Barbès Editore, 2010, ill. in color (detail), front and back covers; ill. in b/w, p. 216; p. 427, as "The Artist and his Mother".Weston 2010
Weston, Neville. "Arshile Gorky: A Retrospective." Craft Arts International (Neutral Bay Junction, N.S.W.) 79 (2010), ill. in color, p. 85, as "The Artist and His Mother".Agee 2012
Agee, William C. "Graham, Gorky, de Kooning: A New Classicism, an Alternate Modernism." In American Vanguards: Graham, Davis, Gorky, de Kooning, and Their Circle, 1927–1942. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 42, ill. in b/w, p. 138, as "The Artist and His Mother".Taylor 2016
Taylor, Lindsey. "A Flower Arrangement Inspired by Arshile Gorky." Wall Street Journal (online edition) (New York), June 24, 2016, ill. in color, as "The Artist and His Mother".Spender 2018a
Spender, Matthew, ed. Arshile Gorky: The Plow and the Song: A Life in Letters and Documents. Zurich: Hauser & Wirth Publishers, 2018, ill. in color, p. 166, as "The Artist and His Mother".Devaney 2019
Devaney, Edith. "Gorky's Point of View / Il Punto di Vista di Gorky." In Arshile Gorky: 1904–1948. Zurich: Hauser & Wirth Publishers, 2019. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 2, ill. in color, p. 32, as "The Artist and His Mother / L'artista e sua madre".Robbins 2021
Robbins, Christa Noel. Artist as Author: Action and Intent in Late-Modernist American Painting. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2021, fig. 1.3, ill. in b/w, p. 35; discussed, pp. 34–35, 37, as "The Artist and His Mother".Falconer 2022
Falconer, Morgan. "Toil and Trouble: A Show Looking for 'Doubles' in Modern Art Ends up a Little out of Focus." Apollo (London) 196, no. 712 (October 2022), fig. 1, ill. in color, p. 95, as "The Artist and his Mother".Kaye 2022
Kaye, Richard A. "The Double: Identity and Difference in Art Since 1900." Art Monthly (London), no. 461 (November 2022), discussed, p. 25, as "The Artist and His Mother".Low 2022
Low, David. Picturing the Ottoman Armenian World: Photography in Erzurum, Harput, Van and Beyond. London, New York, and Dublin: I.B. Tauris, 2022, discussed, pp. 36, 182–85.Meyer 2022
Meyer, James. "The Double: Identity and Difference in Art since 1900." In The Double: Identity and Difference in Art since 1900. Washington, D.C, Princeton, and Oxford: National Gallery of Art in association with Princeton University Press, 2022. Exhibition catalogue, discussed, pp. 23–24, as "The Artist and His Mother".Saenger 2022
Saenger, Peter. "The Power of Seeing Double." Wall Street Journal (New York), July 2–3, 2022, ill. in color, p. C14, as "The Artist and His Mother".Strand 2022
Strand, John. "Arshile Gorky: Double Life, Double Portrait." National Gallery of Art Blog (Washington, D.C.), September 29, 2022, ill. in color, as "The Artist and His Mother".Low 2023
Low, David. "Uncovering the Photographer Behind Arshile Gorky’s Most Famous Painting." Hyperallergic (Brooklyn, NY), March 30, 2023, ill. in color (in situ), as "The Artist and His Mother".Notes
The reverse inscription information is known from a photograph provided by the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Commentary
The painting is after a black-and-white photograph of Gorky and his mother Shushan der Marderosian Adoian (1880–1919) (see supplementary image). The c. 1912 photograph was intended as a memento for the artist's father Setrag Adoian (c. 1871–1948) who had immigrated to the United States in 1906 and to whom it was sent. A second, more polished version of the painting, believed to have been reworked by Gorky until approximately 1936 but likely finished c. 1934, is in the collection of the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (P115). For extensive remarks regarding Gorky's reworking of both canvases, as well as recollections by his contemporaries, see the commentary for P115.
According to his wife Agnes "Mougouch" (1921–2013), Gorky continued to occasionally rework this painting into the early 1940s.1 In conversation with Gorky scholar Jim M. Jordan, she recalled that "it was a period before he went back to landscape and he was looking from material within his own studio, from his own paintings."2 During this period, according to Mougouch, he not only reworked P114 but also a number of other portrait paintings originating from the 1930s, including, for example: P108, P196 and P192.
In an interview from 1966, the artist John Ferren (1905–1970), who met Gorky in 1936, recalled seeing either P114 or P115 in the artist’s studio in the mid-to-late 1930s, at which time, Gorky is said to have remarked upon his “drawing [sic] it and re-doing it and re-drawing for many years [see related work].”3
Although the title is identified as lifetime in Jim M. Jordan's catalogue raisonné, there is no known extant documentation confirming its origin with the artist and we have therefore designated it as posthumous.4
1. Agnes Gorky Fielding, as quoted in Jim M. Jordan, "Catalogue Raisonné of Paintings," in Jim M. Jordan and Robert Goldwater, The Paintings of Arshile Gorky: A Critical Catalogue (New York and London: New York University Press, 1982), 242.
2. Ibid, 345.
3. John Ferren, interview by Karlen Mooradian, Arshile Gorky/Mooradian Archive, Eastern Diocese of the Armenian Church of America, New York; John Ferren, "Conversations on Gorky," interview by Karlen Mooradian, May 4, 1966, The Many Worlds of Arshile Gorky (Chicago: Gilgamesh, 1980), 140.
4. Jordan, 242.
Gorky and his mother, Shushan Der Marderosian Adoian, Van, c. 1912. Unknown photographer (likely Hovhannes Avedaghayan). Courtesy of Dr. Bruce Berberian.
Portraits (sitter identified): Shushan der Marderosian (artist's mother)
Related Work
Themes: Portraits and heads; Self-portrait
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